薄伽梵歌 17.23

Shraddhatraya Vibhaga Yoga · 中文翻译

薄伽梵歌 17.23 — ""Om Tat Sat",此乃梵之三重名号。昔时由此而创生婆罗门、吠陀与祭祀。"
薄伽梵歌 17.23 — Shraddhatraya Vibhaga Yoga
梵文

ॐतत्सदिति निर्देशो ब्रह्मणस्त्रिविधः स्मृतः | ब्राह्मणास्तेन वेदाश्च यज्ञाश्च विहिताः पुरा ||१७-२३||

转写

OMtatsaditi nirdeśo brahmaṇastrividhaḥ smṛtaḥ . brāhmaṇāstena vedāśca yajñāśca vihitāḥ purā ||17-23||

这节经文是什么意思?

在这节经文中,克里希纳向阿周那揭示了神圣的梵(Brahman)有三个名字:Om、Tat 和 Sat。这三个音节不仅是宇宙本质的象征,也是古代婆罗门通过它们创造吠陀经典并设立祭祀仪式的基础。其核心教导是,在开始任何行动或修行之前呼唤这些圣音,能净化心灵并将行为与神圣真理连接起来。

背后的教义

这节经文属于吠檀多哲学中关于'真理与名号'的探讨,深刻体现了'Bhakti Yoga(奉爱瑜伽)'的精神内核。它强调通过神圣音节(Om, Tat, Sat)作为媒介,将个体的小我行动与大梵(Brahman)这一终极实相连接起来,是通往自我认知和灵性解脱的重要阶梯。

逐字释义
तत्सत् Om Tat Sat, इति thus, निर्देशः designation, ब्रह्मणः of Brahman, त्रिविधः threefold, स्मृतः has been declared, ब्राह्मणाः Brahmanas, तेन by that, वेदाः Vedas, च and, यज्ञाः sacrifices, च and, विहिताः created, पुरा formerly
古典注释
Om Tat Sat is the root of the entire universe. Om is the Akshara Brahman. Tat means Thath, the indefinable. Sat means Reality. Para Brahman, that Supreme Being, the abiding place of all that lives and moves, is beyond name and class. The Vedas have ventured to give a name to Him. A new born child has no name but no,receiving one he will answer to it. Men who are troubled by the afflictions of this world run to the Deity for refuge and call Him by the name. When Brahman is invoked through the name that which is hidden is revealed to the aspirant. These three words have a divine power of their own. The vibrations that they produce in one are such as to arouse the latent divinity and also to secure the necessary response from the Cosmic Being Whom they connote. When a sacrificial rite or the like is found defective, it will be rendered perfect by the utterance of the powerful Mantra Om Tat Sat or one of the three designations in the end. With Om or Om Tat Sat all acts of sacrifice, study of sacred scriptures, spiritual discipline and meditation are commenced. If the doer of sacrifices remembers either of these Mantras all obstacles that stand in the way of success of the sacrifices are removed. Om Tat Sat has been declared to be the triple designation of Brahman in the Vedanta by the knowers of Brahman. The power of creation that lies in the Creator emanates from this Mantra. When He meditated inwardly on the meaning of this Mantra and repeated the threefold word? He acired the power to create. Then He created the Brahmanas, gave them the Vedas to be their guide and directed them to perform sacrifices and other rites. Puraa Of old At the beginning of creation by the Prajapati. Brahman here means the Veda.

发生在何处

这节经文出自《博伽梵歌》第十七章,此时克里希纳正在库鲁克谢特拉战场上向阿周那阐述关于信心(Shraddha)的三种分类及其对行为的影响。在此之前,两人刚刚深入探讨了基于萨埵、罗阇和答摩这三种属性的不同信仰形式与祭祀方式的区别。作为战场上的精神导师,克里希纳在此处总结性地向困惑中的战士指出,真正的灵性实践始于对这些神圣音节的忆念,这是连接人类行动与永恒真理的古老桥梁。

今日应用

当你面临一个艰难的职业决策或家庭冲突时,不要急于采取行动或被情绪裹挟,先暂停片刻并默诵'Om Tat Sat'。这个简单的练习能帮助你从焦虑中抽离,将你的决定建立在更宏大的价值观(Sat)和神圣意图之上,而非单纯的功利考量。通过这种方式,你就像古代的婆罗门一样,让每一个行动都成为净化心灵的过程,从而在混乱中找到清晰的指引。

儿童解释

想象一下,当你准备做一件重要的事情时,就像要大声宣布你的决心一样。这节经文告诉我们,'Om Tat Sat'就像是宇宙中最有力量的三个魔法咒语。古时候的智者说,只要用这三个词来开始我们的祈祷或行动,就能让所有的事情都变得美好和正确,就像给心灵穿上了一件闪闪发光的保护衣。

每日省思

当你今天面对挑战或进行日常仪式时,请记住你正在接触的是古老的智慧传承。正如经文中所述,婆罗门、吠陀和祭祀皆源于这一神圣音节,你的每一个善行若能以此纯净之心发起,便是在延续这份永恒的真理。让'Om Tat Sat'成为你内心的锚点,连接起当下的行动与超越的圆满。

今日的修习

在静坐中,轻声诵念'Om Tat Sat'这三个神圣音节。让声音在心中回荡,感受它们作为梵(Brahman)的三重本质所唤起的平静与合一感。

核心教导

  1. 梵的神圣名号:Om, Tat, Sat
    这三个音节代表了创造、维系和最终的真理实相,是通往最高意识的关键钥匙。它们不仅是声音的组合,更是宇宙本质的浓缩表达。
  2. 吠陀与祭祀的源头
    古老的婆罗门传统及其仪式(yajna)皆源于对这一神圣音节的忆持与实践。这表明真正的宗教实践必须植根于对终极真理的直接体认,而非流于形式。
  3. 信仰的三重维度
    在本章语境下,这三重名号对应着不同灵性层次修行者的信念形态:Om 代表创造与开始,Tat 指向超越个体的绝对真理,Sat 则是永恒不变的真实存在。

主题

神圣音节的效力梵的三重名号吠陀与祭祀的本质信心(Shraddha)的力量行动前的净化婆罗门的灵性传统

相关经文

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接下来阅读

  1. 17.20 — 此节定义了基于信仰(shraddha)性质的三种献祭类型,为理解本节中梵的三重名号如何具体应用于仪式提供了背景。
  2. 17.24 — 紧接着第 23 节之后,此节阐述了'Om Tat Sat'如何在日常修习和善行中被实际践行,使理论落地于生活。

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常见问题

这节经文与业报(Karma Yoga)有什么联系?
虽然第17章主要讨论信心,但这节经文为正确的业报瑜伽奠定了基础。它教导我们,只有当行动是建立在'Sat'(真实/善行)和神圣意图之上时,这种行动才是纯净的。通过以这三音节开始行动,行者将结果奉献给神性,从而超越对结果的执着,实现真正的解脱。
其他语言: 薄伽梵歌 17.23 →