Home/ Chinese/ 中文翻译/ 章 14/ 节 7

薄伽梵歌 14.7

Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga · 中文翻译

薄伽梵歌 14.7 — "汝当知罗阇乃激情所成，源于渴爱与执着；阿周那啊！此性以业行系缚，紧锁有情之身。"
薄伽梵歌 14.7 — Gunatraya Vibhaga Yoga
汝当知罗阇乃激情所成，源于渴爱与执着；阿周那啊！此性以业行系缚，紧锁有情之身。
梵文

रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् | तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ||१४-७||

转写

rajo rāgātmakaṃ viddhi tṛṣṇāsaṅgasamudbhavam . tannibadhnāti kaunteya karmasaṅgena dehinam ||14-7||

这节经文是什么意思？

在这节经文里，黑天（Krishna）向阿周那（Arjuna）解释罗阇古纳（Rajas mode of nature）的本质。这种激情状态源于强烈的渴望和对结果的执着，它让人无法停止行动。虽然它能驱动人成就事业，但也像一条看不见的锁链，将灵魂紧紧束缚在业行（karma）的循环中。

背后的教义

这段经文属于数论哲学（Sankhya）与业瑜伽（Karma Yoga）的交汇点，深入探讨了物质自然三德（Gunas）中的激情之性。它揭示了罗阇古纳如何通过‘渴爱’和‘执着’制造出一种看似充满活力的束缚机制，从而阻碍个体灵魂（Jiva）向更高层次的智慧觉醒。

逐字释义
रजः Rajas, रागात्मकम् of the nature of passion, विद्धि know, तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् the source of thirst and attachment, तत् that, निबध्नाति binds, कौन्तेय O son of Kunti (Arjuna), कर्मसङ्गेन by attachment to action, देहिनम् the embodied one
古典注释
The ality of Rajas denotes activity and ambition. The Rajasic man is full of cravings and desires. The cravings force him to act for their fulfilment. He gets attached to those who help him in the fulfilment of his desire and hates those who stand in his way. He is attached to action. He enters on great undertakings. He performs various sorts of sacrifices and rituals and charitable activities. He runs after sensual pleasures and his desires become insatiable like a flame fed by oil. The Self is not the doer. It is the silent witness but Rajas creates in the man the idea? I am the doer. Rajas pleases the mind and keeps alive the passions. A Rajasic man is never contented. He is ever greedy and restless. The more he acires, the more passionate and greedy he becomes. Desires multiply. Nothing gives him satisfaction. If he is a millionaire, he tries to become a multimillionaire. It is like petrol poured into the fire, which inflames it further. A Rajasic man loses his understanding and power of discrimination. His understanding is clouded. He is under intoxication of the pride of wealth. His intellect is turbid. He has a perverted intellect. On account of perversion of intellect misery appears to him to be happiness pain appears to him to be pleasure sorrow appears to be joy. His goal is money and women. He worships mammon as his god. He runs after name, fame and comforts and involves himself in endless activities. Quickness has been associated with the fish, with the flash of lightning and with the glance of a woman. But Rajas is icker than these. A Rajasic man is more active than these. He thinks What will happen to me after my possessions are gone and thus worries himself unnecessarily and engages himself in endless activities. He has no peace of mind. He thirsts for what has not been attained and is attached to what has already been obtained. He wishes and tries to protect his possessions. This is Sanga. I will do such and such an action. I will get such and such a result. I will do this sacrifice. I will enjoy in heaven. This sort of clinging to action and its fruits is Karma Sanga.

发生在何处

这段经文出自《摩诃婆罗多》中的俱卢之野大战前夕，当时般度族与持国族两军对垒。黑天正在向陷入道德困境、充满焦虑和困惑的阿周那传授瑜伽智慧。在此之前，黑天已经解释了灵魂的永恒性（2.13-20）并阐述了无执着行动的重要性，此刻他进一步深入剖析构成物质自然的三种属性（三德），指出罗阇古纳如何成为人类痛苦的主要根源之一。

今日应用

在现代职场中，当你为了追求升职加薪或项目成功而废寝忘食、焦虑失眠时，这就是罗阇古纳在主导。你虽然取得了成就，但内心却因害怕失去成果或对未来的过度渴求而感到被‘业行’束缚。真正的解脱不是停止工作，而是像黑天教导的那样：全力以赴地行动（karma yoga），但对结果保持超然的态度，从而不再让渴望奴役你的心灵。

儿童解释

想象一下你非常想吃一块蛋糕，或者想玩一个新游戏停不下来。这种强烈的‘想要’就是罗阇古纳。它让你不停地做这做那，就像被绳子绑住了一样，即使很累也放不下手中的玩具或零食。黑天告诉我们，如果只为了想要的东西而行动，我们就会像被线牵着的风筝一样，飞不远了。

每日省思

亲爱的朋友，你是否注意到自己常常因为渴望某样东西而陷入焦虑或狂热之中？这正是罗阇（激情）的本质——它源于无休止的渴爱和对结果的执着，让我们误以为快乐只存在于未来的达成中。当你被这种能量裹挟时，请温柔地提醒自己：阿周那啊，这并非你的真实本性，而是一种试图以业行系缚有情之身的力量。唯有觉察到这份执着的根源，你才能从激情的漩涡中获得自由，回归内心的宁静与清明。

今日的修习

当你感到内心躁动不安、被强烈的欲望驱使时，请深呼吸并观照：这是否正是罗阇（激情）在通过渴爱与执着试图抓住你？试着将注意力从外在的追逐转向内在的平静，觉知那紧锁身心的业行束缚是如何生起的。

核心教导

  1. 罗阇的本质是渴爱与执着
    罗阇（Rajas）并非单纯的活力，而是由无休止的渴望和对感官对象的粘着所构成。它驱使众生不断向外追逐，误将满足欲望视为生命的终极目标。
  2. 业行系缚于有情之身
    这种激情的状态通过不断的行动（Karma）制造新的束缚，让灵魂紧紧依附在物质身体和感官体验上。它如同无形的锁链，阻碍了个体对永恒真我（Atman）的觉悟。
  3. 觉醒是解脱的关键
    克里希纳教导我们首先要“知”（Vidhi），即清晰地辨识出激情运作的机制。只有当觉照之光穿透无明，我们才能看清渴爱的虚幻，从而不再被其奴役。

主题

三德 (The Three Modes of Nature)罗阇古纳 (Rajas Mode)业行束缚 (Bondage to Action)渴爱与执着 (Desire and Attachment)心灵自由 (Freedom from Bondage)行动瑜伽 (Karma Yoga)

相关经文

2.473.304.1818.666.5

接下来阅读

  1. 2.47 — 此节教导“只重行动而不重结果”，是摆脱罗阇式对结果的执着（Karmasanga）最直接的对治法，与14.7的束缚形成鲜明对比。
  2. 3.20 — 此节以古代智者通过行动而不生执着的榜样，进一步阐述如何在激情活跃的世间保持超然的心态。
  3. 14.5 — 作为本章的前文基础，它解释了三种自然形态（Guna）如何交织运作并束缚灵魂，为理解罗阇的系缚机制提供背景。

推荐阅读

经典注疏 The Bhagavad Gita commentary by Swami Sivananda → 数论哲学 Vedanta philosophy three modes of nature books → 现代诠释 Eknath Easwaran Bhagavad Gita translation commentary →

GitaQ earns from qualifying purchases as an Amazon Associate.

分享这节经文

常见问题

什么是罗阇（Rajas）？它与其他两种古纳有什么不同？
罗阇是物质自然的三种属性之一，代表激情、活力和动态的能量。与静止的塔摩（Tamas）和平衡的萨埵（Sattva）不同，罗阇虽然能驱动人行动和成就，但其核心特征是强烈的渴望和对结果的执着，容易让人陷入焦虑和束缚之中。
为什么黑天说渴爱和执着会‘系缚’有情之身？
因为当一个人出于贪欲或对他人的占有欲而行动时，他的心灵就被结果所捆绑。这种内在的依赖感使得无论成功还是失败，灵魂都无法获得真正的平静，从而在业力（karma）的循环中不断轮回受苦。
如何识别自己是否正被罗阇古纳主导？
如果你发现自己总是处于焦虑、急躁的状态，做事完全为了个人的得失或名声，且一旦无法达到预期结果就感到极度痛苦，这通常意味着你正处于罗阇古纳的主导下。这种状态让你误以为行动带来的短暂满足就是真正的快乐。
黑天在14.7节中是否建议我们停止一切活动？
不完全是。黑天并非主张消极避世或停止行动，而是教导我们要改变行动的动机。他提倡通过业瑜伽（Karma Yoga），即怀着对神圣的奉献和无执着的心态去行动，从而在保持活力的同时，切断由渴望带来的精神束缚。
其他语言: 薄伽梵歌 14.7 →